REFERENCES - Appendix B: THE CESSION IMPEDIMENTS

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These are the references related to the Appendix B: THE CESSION IMPEDIMENTS section in the book.

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As Mentioned In The Book

The Egyptian Impediments

https://sdgs.un.org/un-system-sdg-implementation/united-nations-development-programme-undp-24528
… the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and committed to the principles of universality, equality and leaving no one behind.

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/1/egypts-abdel-fattah-el-sisi-to-be-sworn-in-as-president-for-third-ter
In power for the past decade, the 69-year-old former army chief is set to remain president until 2030.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation%27s_Future_Party
The party is often seen as a "party of power", created for the sole purpose of backing President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and his policies.

https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Egypt_2019
2019 - Egyptian Constitution

https://texaslawreview.org/tiran-sanafir/
A Historical and Constitutional Argument Opposing the Territorial Cession of the Tiran and Sanafir Islands to Saudi Arabia.

https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2017/7/24/is-gaza-sinai-state-a-possibility-for-palestinians
2017 - In fact, Israeli media reports in 2014 suggested that Sisi may have agreed to cede 1,600sq km in Sinai to Gaza ….

https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231025-sinai-as-an-alternative-to-gaza-who-is-funding-this-who-is-passing-the-deal/
2023 - Sinai as an alternative to Gaza: Who is funding this? Who is passing the deal?

http://www.peterberkowitz.com/articles/2025/20250209-Peter_Berkowitz-RealClearPolitics-The_Sinai_Option.pdf
2025 - The Sinai Option | RealClearPolitics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanafir_Island
Its area is about 33 km2 (13 sq mi).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiran_Island
It has an area of about 80 square kilometres (31 square miles).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska_Purchase
$7.2 million in 1867 (equivalent to $132 million in 2024) for 586,412 sq mi.

https://www.history.com/articles/us-virgin-islands-denmark-purchase
$25 million in 1917 (equivalent to $609 million in 2023) for 133 sq mi.

https://www.thenationalnews.com/mena/palestine-israel/2023/10/20/fifty-years-after-going-to-war-to-liberate-sinai-egypt-rallies-again-to-defend-peninsula/
Rumors of Western offers to cancel 'more than $160 billion' of Egypt's debt in exchange for resettling Gazans in Sinai.

https://sdgs.un.org/partnerships/decent-life-hayah-kareema-sustainable-rural-communities
“Decent Life” … aim of improving the quality of life in the poorest rural communities within the framework of Egypt Vision 2030.

https://www.glaco.com/blog/ownership-in-sinai-peninsula-and-its-effect-on-ma-transactions/
2012 - The Sinai Law encompasses several crucial provisions that impacts investments in Sinai Peninsula …

https://egyptindependent.com/new-ownership-regulations-sinai-are-worrying-many/
2013 - A series of recent changes in the regulation of land and property ownership in Sinai are said to protect national security …

https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/egypts-counterinsurgency-success-sinai
2021 - The military’s shift to tribal engagement has helped reduce jihadist attacks, but Cairo’s lagging efforts on development …

https://www.fdd.org/analysis/2025/04/09/10-things-to-know-about-egypts-sinai-peninsula/
2025 - The Sinai has been proposed multiple times as a location for Gazan resettlement.

https://english.aawsat.com/arab-world/4687256-egypt-sisi-labels-palestinian-displacement-gaza-%E2%80%98red-line%E2%80%99
2023 - Egypt: Sisi Labels Palestinian Displacement from Gaza as ‘Red Line’.

https://www.reuters.com/world/egypt-rejects-any-displacement-palestinians-into-sinai-says-sisi-2023-10-18/
2023 - President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi has reiterated his country’s rejection of the forced displacement of Palestinians from the Gaza Strip to Egypt labeling it as “a red line.”

https://egyptdailynews.com/egypts-red-line-the-truth-behind-president-sisis-refusal-to-trumps-proposal-to-displace-the-palestinians-to-sinai/
2025 - Following US President Trump’s statement regarding a vision of the future of Gaza, by transferring Palestinians to Egypt …

https://arabcenterdc.org/resource/insurgency-in-sinai-challenges-and-prospects/
2022 - Over the past decade, the Egyptian military has conducted several counterinsurgency operations in the Sinai Peninsula …

https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/egypt-mobilises-40000-troops-sinai-amid-gaza-displacement-fears-source-says
2025 - Egypt mobilises 40,000 troops in Sinai amid Gaza displacement fears …

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Gaza_border
The Egypt–Gaza border is the 12-kilometre (7.5-mile) long border between Egypt and the Gaza Strip.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_barrier
The 245-kilometre (152 mi) barrier, stretching from the Israeli city of Eilat in the south to the Gaza–Israel border in the north ….

"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War
1973 - The Yom Kippur War … was fought from 6 to 25 October 1973 between Israel and a coalition of Arab states …

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_peace_treaty
1979 - The agreement notably made Egypt the first Arab state to officially recognize Israel …

https://en-us.topographic-map.com/map-p74s8/Sinai-Peninsula/?center=29.52175%2C33.7898
Sinai Peninsula topographic map showing Mount Sinai, the highest peak in Egypt, and other high elevations.

The Palestinian Impediments

https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/gciv-1949/article-49
Article 49 - Deportations, transfers, evacuations: Individual or mass forcible transfers, as well as deportations of protected persons from occupied territory to the territory of the Occupying Power or to that of any other country, occupied or not, are prohibited, regardless of their motive.

https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/hague-conv-iv-1907
Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its annex: Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land. The Hague, 18 October 1907.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_242
United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 (S/RES/242) was adopted unanimously by the UN Security Council …

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2334
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2334 … concerns the Israeli settlements in "Palestinian territories occupied since 1967, including East Jerusalem".

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_land_laws
Palestinian land laws dictate how Palestinians are to handle their ownership of land under the Palestinian National Authority …

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahmoud_Abbas
Palestinian politician who has been serving as the second president of Palestine and the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) since 2005.

https://www.palestineremembered.com/Acre/Palestine-Remembered/Story416.html
Why did Arafat reject Barak's "generous" offer at Camp David?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six-Day_War
The Six-Day War … was fought between Israel and a coalition of Arab states, primarily Egypt, Syria, and Jordan (in) June 1967.

https://eurasiaen.org/the-palestinian-cause-between-the-plo-and-hamas/
The rift between Hamas and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)—especially its main faction, Fatah—has significantly affected the unity of Palestinian representation.

https://pcpsr.org/en/node/997
May 2025 - Favorability of the October 7 attack, the belief that Hamas will win the war, and support for Hamas continue to decline.

https://events.ispionline.it/the-future-of-palestinian-governance/
October 2025 - Hamas delectability is around 5%.